Match Azeotropes and Solutions in Physical Chemistry

 

❓ Question

Match List - I with List - II

List - I	List - II
(A) Solution of chloroform and acetone	(I) Minimum boiling azeotrope
(B) Solution of ethanol and water	(II) Dimerizes
(C) Solution of benzene and toluene	(III) Maximum boiling azeotrope
(D) Solution of acetic acid in benzene	(IV) ΔVₘᵢₓ = 0

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🖼️ Question Image

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✍️ Short Explanation

This problem is based on:

👉 Ideal & non-ideal solutions
👉 Azeotropes
👉 Association/dimerization.

Main idea:

• Positive deviation → minimum boiling azeotrope
• Negative deviation → maximum boiling azeotrope
• Ideal solution → $\Delta V_{mix}=0$
  

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🔷 Step 1 — Chloroform + Acetone 💯

Chloroform and acetone form strong H-bonding.

Thus:

✔ Stronger intermolecular attraction
✔ Negative deviation from Raoult’s law

Negative deviation gives:

$$\boxed{ \text{Maximum boiling azeotrope} }$$

So:

$$(A)\rightarrow(III)$$

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🔷 Step 2 — Ethanol + Water

Ethanol-water mixture shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law.

Hence:

$$\boxed{ \text{Minimum boiling azeotrope} }$$

So:

$$(B)\rightarrow(I)$$

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🔷 Step 3 — Benzene + Toluene

Benzene and toluene are very similar molecules.

Thus they form:

$$\boxed{ \text{Ideal solution} }$$

For ideal solution:

$$\boxed{ \Delta V_{mix}=0 }$$

So:

$$(C)\rightarrow(IV)$$

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🔷 Step 4 — Acetic Acid in Benzene

Acetic acid undergoes association in benzene medium.

It forms dimers:

$$\boxed{ \text{Dimerizes} }$$

So:

$$(D)\rightarrow(II)$$

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🔷 Step 5 — Final Matching

$$(A)\rightarrow(III)$$
$$(B)\rightarrow(I)$$
$$(C)\rightarrow(IV)$$
$$(D)\rightarrow(II)$$

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🔷 Step 6 — JEE Trap Alert 🚨

❌ Positive vs negative deviation confuse kar dena

❌ Ideal solution examples yaad na hona

Remember:

Strong attraction

$$\Rightarrow \text{Negative deviation} \Rightarrow \text{Maximum boiling azeotrope}$$

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✅ Final Answer

$$\boxed{ (A)-(III),\ (B)-(I),\ (C)-(IV),\ (D)-(II) }$$

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