Aircraft Protection from Lightning Assertion Reason

 

⚡ Question

Given below are two statements:

Assertion (A):
The outer body of an aircraft is made of metal which protects persons sitting inside from lightning strikes.

Reason (R):
The electric field inside the cavity enclosed by a conductor is zero.

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🖼️ Question Image

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✍️ Short Explanation

This problem is based on:

👉 Electrostatic shielding
👉 Conductors in electrostatics
👉 Faraday cage effect.

Main idea:

Inside a closed conductor:

$$\boxed{ E=0 }$$

Hence charges remain on the outer surface and the inside region stays protected.

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🔷 Step 1 — Understand Assertion (A) 💯

Aircraft body is made of metal.

When lightning strikes:

✔ Charges flow through outer metallic surface

✔ Passengers inside remain safe

This is due to:

$$\boxed{ \text{Electrostatic shielding} }$$

Thus Assertion (A) is correct.

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🔷 Step 2 — Understand Reason (R)

For a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium:

$$\boxed{ E_{\text{inside}}=0 }$$

Even inside a closed cavity of conductor:

$$\boxed{ \text{Electric field remains zero} }$$

Thus Reason (R) is correct.

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🔷 Step 3 — Link Between A and R

Because electric field inside conducting enclosure is zero:

✔ Lightning effects stay on outer surface

✔ Interior remains shielded

Thus Reason correctly explains Assertion.

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🔷 Step 4 — JEE Trap Alert 🚨

❌ Sochna ki rubber tyres aircraft ko protect karte hain

❌ Conductor ke andar electric field non-zero maan lena

Remember:

$$\boxed{ \text{Faraday Cage Effect} }$$

is the key idea.

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✅ Final Answer

$$\boxed{ \text{Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)} }$$

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